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Hobbies

Meteorology Manual The practical guide to the weather by Storm Dunlop

Hardback, 270 x 210mm, 176pp 50 B&W, 250 colour illustrations ISBN: 978 0 85733 272 1 Book No: H5272 Haynes RRP: £21.99

Meat Manual From steaks to roasts, sausages to casseroles by Andrew Webb

Hardback, 270 x 210mm, 192pp 300 colour illustrations ISBN: 978 1 78521 077 8 Book No: H6077 Haynes RRP: £22.99

Driving Games Manual The ultimate guide to all car-based computer and video games by João Diniz Sanches

Paperback, 270 x 210mm, 176pp 536 colour illustrations ISBN: 978 0 85733 133 5 Book No: H5133 Haynes RRP: £9.99

Men s Baking Manual From puddings to patisserie, sourdough to sausage rolls by Andrew Webb

Hardback, 270 x 210mm, 192pp 300 colour illustrations ISBN: 978 0 85733 833 4 Book No: H5833 Haynes RRP: £22.99

Men s Pie Manual The complete guide to making and baking the perfect pie by Andrew Webb

Hardback, 270 x 210mm, 192pp 350 colour illustrations ISBN: 978 0 85733 287 5 Book No: H5287 Haynes RRP: £21.99

Collectables Manual Cash in on the credit crunch by Jamie Breese

Hardback, 270 x 210mm, 160pp 16 b&w, 341 colour illustrations ISBN: 978 1 84425 682 2 Book No: H4682 Haynes RRP: £16.99

Men s Cooking Manual A no-nonsense guide to buying, cooking and eating great food by Chris Maillard

Hardback, 270 x 210mm, 176pp 290 colour illustrations ISBN: 978 0 85733 841 9 Book No: H4869 Haynes RRP: £22.99

Build Your Own Drone Manual The practical guide to safely building, operating and maintaining an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) by Alex Elliot

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£22.99 / US$36.95 / CAN$43.95

Haynes

Fly fishing is a sport that anyone can get into, irrespective of where they live. It requires mastering a few basic skills, but once these have been grasped and your casting is under control, every natural water body suddenly becomes more attractive and interesting.

Fly fishing has many different branches, each one a challenge and different from the next. Today, fly fishers cast their artificial flies on streams, rivers, lakes, canals, man-made stillwaters and even in saltwater. Advances in technology and know-how have enabled us to target a wide range of species, from the beautiful wild river brown trout, which can be enticed with a well- presented dry fly or nymph, to the ferocious fish-eating pike, to the silvery sea bass, which has an appetite for shrimp, crabs and baitfish fly fishers have the ability to target them all.

We can tie flies to represent what fish eat and that s why flies are so effective we can tailor our approach and flies to entice the fish to take our artificial fly providing you know how and where to present it.

The Fly Fishing Manual will give you the tools you need to succeed in the wonderful, compelling art of fly fishing.

n The fish you are trying to catch and getting to know your quarry. Plus how to access fly-fishing

n Choosing the right kit for the job, setting it up and how to cast with it

n Types of flies and understanding why and how you can use them to best effect

n Fishing on lakes, rivers and wild lochs and the range of tactics you can employ to your advantage

n All the extra skills you require to be more successful retrieves, playing fish, handling a boat and presentation casts

n Master the modern specialist styles: Saltwater fly fishing; Pike on fly; Float-tubing; Tenkara

Mark Bowler has edited Fly Fishing and Fly Tying magazine since its inception in 1990. He started out as a coarse fisher, but later became hooked on fly fishing as the trout reservoirs Eyebrook and Rutland Water were both within a bike-ride of his home. In 1993, he moved to Scotland where he began fishing in earnest for wild brown trout and salmon. He has extensive experience in all types of fly fishing and lives within walking distance of Perthshire s river Tay.

ISBN 978 1 78521 074 7 £22.99 rrp

H6074

Fly Fishing Manual Fly

Fishing

Mark Bowler

The step-by-step guide

Haynes

Manual

M ark B

ow ler

F ly

F ish

in g M

anual

ESSEnTiAl TACklE And how To uSE iT AdviCE And TiPS on how To CATCh MorE For ThE gAME, CoArSE And SAlTwATEr Fly FiShEr

haynes Publishing Sparkford, Yeovil, Somerset BA22 7JJ, UK Tel: +44 (0) 1963 440635 Website: www.haynes.com

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32

Loading the reel correctly

It s important to get enough backing on to the reel without

overloading or underloading it, which n ot only limits the

amount of backing available but can als o cause excessive

coiling of the fly line. Here s how it can b e done without trial

and error.

The reel in the centre is correctly filled; the reel on the left is over

filled, the one on the right is under filled. 3 Temporarily knot the backing to the

end of the fly

line.

4 Wind on the backing.

5 Continue to wind on backing until the

spool is filled but

not overfilled.

1 Wind the fly line on to the reel directly off the

line holder.

6 Use a rolled-up newspaper to

wind back all the

backing.

2 Use a pen to allow the holder to rotate.

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55

occurs over the water surface and therefore is less prone to catch on bankside vegetation than a conventional overhead cast. Thus a cast can be made irrespective of whether there are trees, bushes, a high bank or tall grass behind the angler. It s also a safe cast, which can be conducted safely in any wind, because the line can be placed on the downwind side of the angler at all times. If the angler is unsure as to which way the wind is actually blowing on the river, he/she can quickly check by holding the rod straight out over the river, holding the line tip at the same time, allowing the belly of the line to catch the wind (like a sail) and gauge the wind direction accordingly.

And which one? In order to determine which Spey cast you should use, the first thing you need to work out is which direction the wind s blowing. This determines the type of Spey cast required in order to make the cast safely (ie with the fly and D loop on the downwind side of the angler). The next consideration is what bank of the river you re on. This will determine whether you fish with the right hand at the top of the double-hander or the left (see diagram). The salmon angler who can switch hands on the double-handed rod is at a distinct advantage over one who can t.

On the dangle Due to the fact that the fly is, in essence, attached to the rod tip, when a cast is made across a river the current acts on the line between rod tip and fly to draw the fly across the current. When the fly has traversed the width of the river and comes to rest directly downstream of the angler s rod tip, it can travel no further across the river. This point is known as the dangle . All Spey casts start with the line on the dangle .

Why use a Spey cast? Spey casts are simply redirected roll casts, with the roll cast being the final delivery of the line. The Spey part of the cast is about reorganisation of the line before the roll cast is made. Since the Spey cast uses an anchor on the water in front of the angler, and a D loop of line, much of the cast

Various casting positions and the spey casts that can be used depending on wind direction. note how the top hand can change according to wind direction.

Direction of flow

Right bank

Right hand up rod

Left hand up rod

Left bank

Upstream wind use Circlecast or Single Spey Cast

Left hand up rod

Downstream wind use Double Spey

Right hand up rod

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angler and current have put into the line, and pass quickly over the fishes heads. The fish has to make up its mind quickly whether to take fly or not. If it decides to take, this will be a positive, heavy pull on the line and the fish will hook itself. Having retrieved the fly into the angler s bank, it is re-cast at right angles across the stream and the process is repeated.

how salmon lies change Where salmon lie in a river depends on the flow, and lies will change constantly as the river falls or rises. A salmon needs to lie in a position where it won t consume too much energy fighting excessive flow but will feel safe, and get sufficient flow in order to breathe easily and maintain its position in the river.

In normal river flows a typical lie might be behind a rock, mid-current. However, in a flood the salmon is forced to vacate this lie and move to where the current is less boisterous and forceful. This might mean migrating to a gravel bank on the inside of the bend in the pool. Then, as the spate eases and the river level falls, so the fish will slide across the pool to resume its lie behind the stone in the middle of the river once again. So, apart from migrating up the river to spawn, salmon are also on the move when the river levels change, and are also more likely to take a fly.

Starting at the tail of the pool, the fly is cast out at right angles to the flow and as far across the stream as possible. As it settles the angler takes two paces upstream and then starts to draw on the line, pulling to create a fast, smooth retrieve. The fly will accelerate round the curve that the

in low water the inside bend of this pool is a gravel bank and fish lie under the far bank. in higher water the gravel bank becomes a salmon lie.

sunray shadow an ideal fly for backing up.

Backing up a salmon pool.

The optimum conditions for backing up are a strong upstream wind that blows to create waves against the current. In addition, because nearly all the line is retrieved after each cast a shorter rod say 10ft 6in (3.5m) makes the process of re-casting easier, and is also less clumsy than a long doubler-hander when retrieving. On club and association waters, backing up is made difficult simply due to a regular procession of fishers moving downstream. However, if you have the pool to yourself and the rules allow, backing up is worth a try.

best for backing up

FLOW Cast square

WIND

Fly is retrieved on a curve

2 paces

Progress upstream

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70

fly colours Colours form an essential component of flies, and exact colour shades have been sought for centuries. For instance, since the early 20th century the exact colour of the body of a Partridge & Orange was always proclaimed as Pearsall s 6a, dyed by a British silk and thread manufacturer. We re uncertain how fish see colour, but most obsessed, keen fly tyers think that fish see colour as we do, so as a result fly designs often centre around colour shades.

Bearing this in mind, we can consider a rainbow of colours and give an indication of what those colours might represent or trigger:

Black one of the very best colours for most fish, possibly due to the striking silhouette that any fly tied in this colour produces against the sky above. This is an ace of spades.

Orange a great attractor colour for salmon and also trout. Thought to represent the colour of insect haemoglobin as it gets ready to emerge, hence it can act as a trigger-point on nymphs. This is a gP shrimp.

Purple a good alternative colour for salmon, this can also be attractive to grayling. This is a snipe & Purple.

Red provokes aggression in salmon; a proven attractor colour for brown trout. This is a soldier Palmer.

Pink/magenta very attractive to grayling and also pike. Can make a good hotspot for trout. a good colour in low light, such as at dawn. This is a Pink Czech nymph.

Blue a good colour for fresh salmon and sea trout, also any predatory sea fish. Blue is the last visible colour in the spectrum, so as the light fades fish can still see blue. This is a Claret Bumble.

yellow one of the top colours for salmon. This is a Posh Tosh.

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Upwings

Upwings are a more elegant species than midges, and are more

commonly associated with weed and sha llower water. This

broad group includes olives and mayflies, which can be found

in stillwaters and rivers. Having hatched fr om an egg laid on the

water surface, the immature upwing spen ds much of its life as

an aquatic nymph, moving around with a short darting action,

utilising its three tails to propel itself. Upw ing nymphs have

more pronounced legs and thorax than th e midge, and when

it s time to hatch the ripe nymph swims to the water surface,

breaks through the film and its wing-buds split and produce a

pair of finely veined wings which, once fu lly formed, allow it to

escape from the water surface as a dun. T he dun then flies to

shelter at the water s edge, where it has o ne more remarkable

step to make before becoming an adult. H aving landed, the

dun s feet grip into the surface (of a leaf o r branch), the dun s

thorax splits once again, and a shinier and brighter adult

emerges, its tails are longer, and its wings are more transparent.

This adult then joins others of the same sp ecies in an aerial

mating dance, after which the female wil l return to the water,

lay its eggs, and collapse on the water sur face, spent.

Adult identifying features: Broad wings, like sailboats on the

surface held aloft on hatching. Rise vert ically off the water,

body and tails hanging down. Two or th ree tails.

Key river fishing species: Large dark oliv e (Baetis rhodani),

iron blue (Alaintes muticus, Nigrobaetis niger, Nigrobaetis

digitatus), medium olive (Baetis vernus), small dark olive

(Baetis scambus), small spurwing (Centr optilum luteolum),

Pale watery (Baetis fuscatus), Blue-wing ed olive (Serratella

ignita) caenis (Caenis spp).

Key river and stillwater species: Mayflies (Ephemera danica,

Ephemera vulgata, Ephemera lineata), c aenis.

Spinner

Shuck

Upwing dun

Hatching dun

Egg-laying female

Nymph

Olive nymph (Baetis).

greenwell s dry.

Edwards Baetis nymph.

Deer-hair

Emerger.

Thorax

B-wo

Dun.

lapsley s

hi-Vis

spinner.

Dun (left) and spinner of

pale watery

(Baetis fuscatus).

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86

can build a mental picture of the contou r of the lakebed in

front of you. Now cast a bit further if yo u can, and keep

fanning the casts systematically, varying the retrieves and the

depth at which you fish the flies.

After a while, if nothing has happene d, try changing the

flies. If you haven t caught the bottom, fish a slightly heavier

fly on the point, and try a different colo ur scheme. Try a

Gold-head Damsel on the point. Chang e the nymphs: put a

Pheasant Tail Nymph on the middle drop per and a Claret

Spider on the top.

Start the search process again. Still n othing? It might be

time for a move, or a different tactic.

Sink-and-draw Sink-and-draw is a tactic that suits mob

ile, marabou-tailed

flies well, especially those with weight a t their heads, such as

the Gold-head

Damsel. It s best

used on a floating

line with a

longish leader

12ft and longer.

Having cast out

and allowed the

fly to sink, the fly

is fished with a

pull-pause

retrieve. Pulls can

be anything from

6in (15cm) or 1ft

Where to start? If the fishery manager or lodge aren t pr

oviding any clues,

and the fishery itself isn t giving you any direction on what to

do or where to fish (see Chapter 15), th en you need to think

about where to start.

Begin by testing the wind. If it s wind y, then you ideally

want the wind to come from the oppos ite side to your

casting hand (ie from the left if you re a right-handed caster)

this makes casting easier or at your b ack. If you re an

experienced caster, and enjoy more of a challenge, then

fishing into the wind can be rewarding. Fishing with a strong

wind blowing on to your casting hand m akes casting most

difficult of all.

Next, study the fishery itself. Where d oes it drop away into

a good fishing depth (6 12ft)? Is there a n inflow? Can you

fish close to a weed bed? Is there a quiet er corner,

overshadowed by trees? If there are fishi ng platforms, pick

one that offers some features to cast at, for instance a weed

bed situated in the centre of the lake, or the edge of an island.

General prospecting/searching

Using a floating line is sufficient to explo re most small

stillwaters, and is the easiest line to han dle in terms of fishing

and casting.

To start with, it s best to cover the op tions by using a two-

or three-fly leader. However, if you re a novice caster and

uncomfortable about using multiple-fly leaders, then keep it

simple and stick to a single fly. Untanglin g a leader of three

flies every other cast wastes both time a nd the opportunity

for success.

Make a good start by tying on a gen eral lure/attractor on

the point, say a size 10 Black & Green M arabou lure. On the

middle dropper try something more sug gestive as food, say a

Hare s Ear Nymph (size 12). Then, on the top dropper,

something the cruising trout might expe ct to see on any day

of the year a Midge Pupa, size 14.

Cast out, not too far to start with, an d search the water

close to your feet. By allowing the flies t o settle longer after

each cast they ll sink, and thus fish deep er. The retrieve (how

you move the flies) can vary from a very slow figure-of-eight

to a fast, steady pull (see Chapter 14). F an the casts, working

right to left to cover as much water as p ossible. Count the

flies down after each cast (3 seconds, 8 seconds, 20 seconds

etc), so if you start to catch the bottom on your retrieve you

Cast out, straighten line

Pull-and-pause: Sink and draw

Pull

Pause Fly sinks

Fly rises

gold-head Damsel nymph can work

all season through, but is best in the

summer months when adults are seen

flying. fish it around weed beds with a

pull-and-pause retrieve, or on the drop .

fan your casts systematically to search the water.

The Fly Fishing Manual The step-by-step guide by Mark Bowler

Hardback, 270 x 210mm, 224pp 400 colour illustrations ISBN: 978 1 78521 074 7 Book No: H6074 Haynes RRP: £22.99

NEW TITLE: NOVEMBER 2016

Dance The complete step-by-step guide to dance

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Manual

Keyna Paul

Dance Manual The complete step-by-step guide by Keyna Paul

Hardback, 270 x 210mm, 192pp 400 colour illustrations ISBN: 978 1 78521 062 4 Book No: H6062 Haynes RRP: £22.99

Carp Fishing Manual The step-by-step guide to becoming a better carp angler by Kevin Green

Hardback, 270 x 210mm, 192pp 500 colour illustrations ISBN: 978 0 85733 291 2 Book No: H5291 Haynes RRP: £21.99

Coarse Fishing Manual The step-by-step guide by Kevin Green

Paperback, 270 x 210mm , 200pp 855 colour illustrations ISBN: 978 1 78521 090 7 Book No: H6090 Haynes RRP: £14.99

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